Cest
peu de dire quune oeuvre telle "Exotic",
se présente comme un film essentiellement tramé.
Converge en effet subrepticement en lui, un faisceau de possibles
et de réminiscences, qui à la fois évanescents
et reconnaissables palpitent à nos yeux de façon
subliminale. Ce que nous y "reconnaissons" ne se dévoile
pas de prime abord, malgré cette danse masculine filmée
dans les rues de Kinshasa, si propres à lAfrique
de laquelle ne serait rien dautre à déduire
pour nous quune identification au regard amusé,
distrait, dun vague badaud touriste étrangers face
à ce genre de spectacle dune si grande force "vernaculaire".
Or à mesure que le film "grossit"en densité,
sonorité, suivant la cadence de cette performance populaire
quasi confidentielle ; comme en aparté de la rue, nous
commençons à nous sentir pris dans les rets
dun filet anthropologique et historique. Un peu de cette
transe nous gagne à notre tour, et nous ne pouvons
esquiver en elle certains spectres, lumineux et à la
fois obscurs, ni certains éclats tentaculaires nous
harponnant pour nous faire ricocher à la vitesse éclair
vers un lourd pan de lhistoire occidentale. Celle des
colonisations, cela se conçoit, légitimant hier
une vision "civilisatrice"; et autre regard en surplomb
prétendument anthropologique. Cette même
anthropologie qui dut ensuite se confronter à ses propres
péchés originels et qui condescendait au début
du XXe siècle à voir en ces hommes de culture
différente du dogme rationnel européen une taxinomie
de "types". Or le rythme de ce film dont la condensation
inquiète, nous porte aussi à voir "se révéler"en
lui (et je parle ici de révélation au sens photographique
et chimique du terme) à travers un chassé croisé
dimages et de gestes brouillés et un incessant
sillage de luminescences fantasmatiques, rien dautre
au fond que le portrait refusé de notre histoire.
Mounir Fatmi mêle ainsi plastiquement, avec grande maîtrise,
des strates rétives, propulsant ces éclats dune
histoire ancienne entachant jusquà aujourdhui
le devenir africain. Comment, en effet, esquiver dans cette
danse de rue, informelle et subite, mais rituelle à
sa manière, les indices dune hybridation post-moderne
mêlant ces mémoires décoratives tribales
aux T shirt "ship" de foot-ballers, ce passé
hier inentamé à un présent hypothéqué
par un consumérisme obsédant de signes pluriels,
"low", "sponsor" recyclés ou rétroactifs,
et, en Afrique dûment créolisés, y compris
et au premier chef, à travers une sémiotique
populaire et symptomatique, par-là impérieusement
spéculative propre au champ sportif même ? Mais
celui-ci, comme le montre Mounir Fatmi, ne redoublerait-il
pas ici un autre chantier anthropologique au moins aussi complexe
?
Comme dans un blow-up plastique dont il ne perdrait aucun
fil, lartiste se saisit ainsi de ce reflet contemporain
et le répercute par effet de propagation dans le champ
réfracté dune Histoire, quand soudain
le bruissement serré, enivrant car pareil à
un chant macroscopique de cigales, ouvre une brèche
solennelle. Des Africains en tenue tribale flamboyante et
feutrée esquissent, entre torse et front, un geste
de sanctification chrétienne. Stance tragique dune
mort ancienne, dune reddition. Ils se "signent",
donc font signe vers ce signe emblématique : se
signer. Lébauche pudique de ce geste brûlant
est à elle seule magistrale. Agissant par ralenti et
incomplétude, Fatmi semble vouloir tenter dinterférer
dans un flux inarrêtable de lHistoire, lintercepter,
la ralentir pour quenfin celle-ci soit "vue".
Même trop tard.
Etrange
manifestation de myopie collective montrée comme une
impossibilité affectant, non pas notre Histoire, en ce
quelle est, mais la production orientée des récits
dHistoire.
Dictée hier subvertie dun Présent. A travers
cet arrêt sur Histoire, impossible, pourtant si fécond
au cinéma, lartiste relance le discours vers
cet avant-poste largement inaperçu, où il se
trouve aujourdhui. Ce nest plus un donné
religieux obsolète, légitimant hier une idéologie
blanche qui apparaît comme imperceptible, invisible,
indétectable mais une toute autre religion, une obsession
essentiellement mercantile qui na cessé de tracer
sa ligne brûlante au cours des siècles. La voici
enfin dans lampleur dun cynisme réaffirmé.
Les spectacles de foules assemblées dans des stades
que Brahim Bachiri a emblématiquement capté
comme étant ces "sujets" absents et agités
dans "Marocaine à deux dimensions",
voilà qui constitue de nos jours la cible dune
nouvelle mission civilisatrice, dun invisible endoctrinement,
religion insinuante, elle aussi idéologique, sémiotique,
économique. Or celle-ci apparaît si commune et
si répandue, que nul ne la voit, insérant des
scènes de match de foot-ball dans le creuset
dune danse rituelle urbaine et populaire qui bat son
plein que Fatmi renverse les espèces de ce regard lointain.
A travers lengouement, la marchandisation subséquente
de la spectacularité foot-ball travaillant pour
sa part les frustrations individuelles et collectives de mondes
ici multiculturels, là-bas abandonnés
à eux-mêmes, cest toute une sociologie
du présent civilisé qui dévoile un itinéraire
lourd de sens. Comment vivre ensemble ? Ce possible, en labsence
dun religieux ou de rituels hier fédérateurs,
ne se produit plus aujourdhui que par le biais dune
culture iconique exponentielle, sérielle, image économique
follement cyclique.
Là sans doute, sur ce terrain danciens paysages
décolonisés et livrés à eux-même
sous les coups dune mondialisation dune équivalente
iniquité, vrai rideau de brouillard, se rejoue non
pas la scène primitive à jamais perdue, mais
les espèces dune colonisation des esprits, qui
on sen doute ne concerne plus loin sen
faut les seules populations africaines. Car nous sommes
affectés également par ces disséminations
dimages pauvres mais impérieuses à
travers lesquelles ce nest pas une anthropologie du
sport occidental qui peine à se constituer, mais une
anthropologie dune contagion dobjets omniprésents
et non perçus. Décoratifs, sémiotiques,
spectaculaires et hybrides tous sont voués, davance
et constitutionnellement, à leffondrement du
jetable, à travers leur consomption immédiate,
promesse dun "non-horizon" massivement induite
dans nos sociétés essentiellement visuelles.
Or quest-ce quune société visuelle qui se vend, sachète, séchange et ne voit rien ? Qui ne se voit même plus elle-même
? Vaste chantier de travail encore que Mounir Fatmi trace
comme un carré magique pour demain. Ce même chantier
dhier où hier lHistoire, soit le dense
Présent dalors, apparaissait à tous, et
en premier lieu à ceux qui lassénaient
comme fort dune pathologie, insonore, invisible.
Peut-être est-ce en ce sens que le film de Mounir Fatmi
apparaît comme frappant, car il porte en ses trames
si serrées de sonorités, de transe moderne,
de sensorialité désespérée, un
mouvement assourdissant, oscillatoire et riche révélant
- dhier et daujourdhui limage
puissante et cependant non vue.
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It is an understatement
to say that a work such as "Exotic" stands
as a film with a genuine framework. Indeed, a network of possibilities
and of reminiscences converge in it; those, both evanescent
and recognizable flicker before our eyes in a subliminal way.
What we "recognize" there does not reveal itself at
once, though there is this dance performed by men and filmed
in the streets of Kinshasa, these streets being so specifically
African that all that we could withdraw from it is an identification
to the amused and distracted look of an undefined foreign tourist
confronted with this kind of performance which bears such an
intense vernacular strength.
But, as the film gets more density, as the sound becomes stronger,
following the rhythm of this popular yet almost confidential
performance, as if we were aside from the street, we get the
feeling that we are caught in the toils of an anthropological
and historical net. In our turn, we are in a way caught in
this trance within which we cannot avoid either some spectres,
both luminous and obscure, nor some sprawling sparkles which
harpoon us so as to make us ricochet at the speed of light
towards a huge portion of western history: the history of
colonization, as one will easily guess, which used to legitimate
a "civilizing" view of the world. Above that there
also existed an allegedly "anthropological"
view. This very same anthropology which then had to confront
itself with its own original sins and which, at the beginning
of the 20th century, condescendingly saw in those men whose
culture was different from that of the European rational dogma,
a taxonomy based on "types". However, the rhythm
of this film the density of which makes us uneasy also leads
us to see that something else is "developing" within
it (and I use the word "develop" in its photographic
and chemical meaning): through the mass of scrambled images,
gestures and never-ending threads of phantasmagorical luminescences,
nothing appears, in the end, but the image of our history,
an image which we refuse to see.
Mounir Fatmi thus mixes, from the viewpoint of form and in
a masterly way, recalcitrant layers, hurling away these pieces
of an ancient history which, until today, have vitiated Africa's
future. In this informal and sudden street dance, how can
one indeed evade the signs of a post-modern hybridization
? These very signs which are mixing these ornamental tribal
memories with the "ship" Tee-shirt of football players,
this past, untouched until yesterday, with a present which
is signing away its future through an obsessive consumerism
of signs, "low", "sponsor", either recycled
or retroactive, and, in duly creolized Africa, first and foremost,
through popular and symptomatic semiotics, imperiously speculative,
typical of the sports field? But wouldn't it, as Fatmi shows
it, redouble another anthropological process which would be
at least as complex?
As in a plastic blow-up of which the artist would not lose
a single piece, he thus seizes this contemporary reflection
and passes it on, through an effect of propagation, in the
refracted field of History, when, suddenly, the dense rustle,
a dizzying one because it sounds like the macroscopic song
of cicadas, opens a solemn gap. Africans wearing a flashing
and plain tribal outfit are making, between their chest and
their face, a slight gesture of Christian sanctification:
they are crossing themselves. This is the tragic stanza of
an ancient death, of surrender. They "are signing themselves",
therefore they are making a sign towards this emblematical
sign : crossing oneself. The rough outline of this
burning gesture is, in itself, a masterly performance. Resorting
to slow motion and non-fulfilment , Fatmi seems to be willing
to try and interfere with the unstoppable flow of History,
to intercept it, to slow it down so that it can be eventually
seen, even though it's too late.
It is a strange
expression of collective myopia, shown as impossible, which
is not affecting our History in what it is in essence but the
biased production of historical accounts.
A production which used to be dictated and which is now upset
by present. Through this freeze frame on history, an impossible
one, though so fruitful in the cinema, the artist restarts
the debate about this widely unperceived outpost, the one
on which he is standing today. It is no longer about some
obsolete religious background which used to legitimate a white
ideology which now appears imperceptible, invisible and undetectable:
it is now about a totally different religion, a money-grabbing
obsession which has kept drawing its burning line through
the centuries. Here it is eventually, carrying all the strength
of reaffirmed cynicism. The scenes of crowds gathered in stadiums
that Brahim Bachiri symbolically captured as being these absent
and agitated "individuals" in " Marocaine
à deux dimensions" , those are nowadays the
target of a new civilizing mission, of an invisible indoctrination,
an insinuating religion which is also ideological, semiotic
and economic. However, it is so common and so widespread that
no one does actually see it. By inserting scenes of a football
match in the crucible of an urban and popular ritual dance
at its height, Fatmi reverses the appearances of this remote
look. Through the craze and the subsequent merchandizing of
football's spectacular aspect which is working on the collective
and individual frustrations of worlds which are here multicultural,
and there left to their own devices, it is a whole sociology
of the civilized present which reveals an itinerary fraught
with consequences. How can we live together? That possibility,
at a time when religiousness or rituals which used to be federative
are gone, only occurs today through the angle of an exponential
culture based on image, a serial culture, through a wildly
cyclical economic image.
It is there, undoubtedly, on this ground of old decolonized
landscapes which are left to themselves while enduring the
blows of an iniquitous globalization, an actual wall of fog,
that a colonization of the souls is taking place (nothing
to do with that forever lost primitive scene), a colonization
which, as one will have easily guessed, no longer affects,
by far, the sole African populations. We are indeed also affected
by this dissemination of poor though imperious images through which it is no anthropology of western sport which
is outlining with difficulty, but rather the anthropology
of contagion by omnipresent and not perceived objects. Decorative,
semiotic, spectacular and hybrid, all of them are destined,
from the very start and in their very constitution, to collapse,
as is everything thats disposable, through their immediate
consumption ; it is the promise of a "no-horizon"
which is massively present in our societies which are essentially
based on image. But what is truly a society based on image which sells itself, buys itself but still sees nothing ? Which doesn't even see itself anymore? This is another great
piece of work that Mounir Fatmi is drawing like some magical
square for tomorrow. This is the very same piece of work which
belonged to yesterday when History, being then the dense Present,
seemed soundless and invisible, especially for
those who used to hurl it as bearing a strong pathology. Perhaps
it is in that way that Mounir Fatmi's film is striking, because
it carries in its very tight framework of sonorities, of modern
trance, of desperate sensoriality, a deafening gesture, a
rich and oscillatory one, which reveals the powerful, however not seen, image of both today and yesterday. |